Do I need to have my wisdom teeth removed?
Wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are the last permanent teeth to erupt and usually do so
between the ages of 18-25. Most people have four wisdom teeth that erupt at the back of the jaws,
two on the upper jaw and two on the lower jaw. In some cases one or more of the wisdom teeth
may be missing. When there is sufficient space for the complete eruption of these teeth they do not
cause any problems. However, when there is insufficient space for these teeth to come through the
gums they can get stuck in the jaw or become ‘impacted’. Wisdom teeth can be completely though
the gums (fully-erupted), only partly through the gums (partially-erupted) or completely hidden
underneath the gums (unerupted)
Wisdom teeth can cause problems such as infection, pain, gum disease, tooth decay, cheek biting,
tooth resorption and cysts. These problems can either affect the wisdom tooth itself or the tooth in
front of it or both. Some wisdom teeth are at a greater risk of causing these problems than others.
For example, partially-erupted and impacted wisdom teeth are at a greater risk of causing infection,
gum disease and tooth decay. Contrary to popular belief, there is no evidence to suggest that
wisdom teeth cause crowding of the front teeth
During your general dental check-up, your dentist will examine your wisdom teeth and let you know
of the findings. If necessary, the dentist can also order a full mouth x-ray (OPG) to assess the position
and angulation of these teeth. The OPG x-ray is bulk billed through Medicare. The dentist will review
the x-ray and have a discussion with you regarding possible treatment options one of which may be
removal or ‘extraction’ of the wisdom teeth. Other treatment options include cleaning of the tooth
and in some cases, prescription of a mouthwash and/or antibiotics. If needed, the dentist can refer
you to an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon for the extractions. The extractions may either be under
local anaesthesia where you are awake but feel no pain, or general anaesthesia, where you are put
to sleep.
There are benefits and risks associated with the extraction of wisdom teeth. The main benefits of the
removal of wisdom teeth are effective treatment of the problems caused by them as well as
prevention of any future problems. The main risks include pain, bleeding, swelling, dry socket,
infection, temporary of permanent numbness of the lips, teeth and tongue and sinus problems. Pain,
bleeding and swelling usually only lasts for a few days while numbness and sinus problems are rare
and can be managed by your dentist or surgeon. You may need to take days off from work or school
while you recover
Regular dental check-ups are essential to monitor your wisdom teeth and ensure early diagnosis of
any issues they may cause
